Reoperative antireflux surgery for dysphagia

Background: Troublesome dysphagia is a common indication for redo antireflux surgery (Re-ARS). This study is aimed to analyze the efficacy of Re-ARS in resolving dysphagia and to identify risk factors for persistent or new-onset dysphagia after Re-ARS. Methods: A prospectively maintained database was retrospectively reviewed to identify patients after Re-ARS. Dysphagia severity was graded on a scale of 0 to 3 before and after Re-ARS based on responses to a standardized questionnaire. Patients reporting grade 2 or 3 symptoms were considered to have significant dysphagia. Satisfaction was graded using a 10-point analog scale. Results: Between December 2003 and July 2008, 106 patients underwent Re-ARS. Significant preoperative dysphagia was reported by 54 patients, and impaired esophageal motility was noted in 31 patients. Remedial surgery included redo fundoplication (n = 87), Collis gastroplasty with redo fundoplication (n = 16), and takedown of the fundoplication or hiatal closure alone (n = 3). At least 1 year follow-up period (mean 21.8 months) was available for 92 patients. For patients with significant preoperative dysphagia (n = 46), the mean symptom score declined from 2.35 to 0.78 (p <0.0001). Persistent dysphagia was reported by 13 patients and new-onset dysphagia by 4 patients. No patients reported grade 3 dysphagia after Re-ARS. Dilations were used to treat 11 patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified Collis gastroplasty (p = 0.03; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.74) and preoperative dysphagia (p = 0.01; adjusted OR, 6.80) as risk factors for significant postoperative dysphagia. The overall satisfaction score was 8.3, but certain subsets had significantly lower satisfaction scores. These subsets included patients with esophageal dysmotility (7.1; p = 0.04), patients who required Collis gastroplasty (7.0; p = 0.09), and patients with esophageal dysmotility who required Collis gastroplasty (5.0; p <0.01). Conclusion: Although dysphagia is a common symptom among patients requiring Re-ARS, intervention provides a significant benefit. Patients with preoperative dysphagia, especially those requiring Collis gastroplasty, are at increased risk for persistent dysphagia and decreased satisfaction after Re-ARS.